The vintage electronic equipment enthusiast who wishes to have some basic understanding of the principles of operation of his equipment is faced with the challenge of finding expository material which covers electron tubes in an elementary manner. Incorporate the tube sound into your home audio system learn how to work with vacuum tubes and construct highquality audio amplifiers on your workbench with help from this handson. Tube data vintage info from the age of vacuum tubes. Power vacuum tubes hand book vacuum tube principles. This pentode features a robust construction with the internal shielding used in the original tubes. The first computers were vacuum tube based and took up rooms while vacuum tubes are considered outdated by.
Another thought on the general topic of tube related reading. State the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of the various types of electron tubes. Abc vacuum tubes is always buying vacuum tubes for our inventory. A first year ee textbook that bridges the vacuum tube age and the semiconductor age.
We guarantee every vacuum tube we sell for thirty days. I think this book has nearly everything you need to know to design and build tubes. Preface fundamentals of vacuum technology revised and compiled by dr. A vacuum tube is one from which the air has been removed to form a partial vacuum. The first vacuum tube was not made until the beginning of the 20th century, but the foundations for its discovery were laid many years before.
Available both as web pages click the title and as pdf files for easier printing. Letter order abc indicates increasing voltage ratings on octalbased regulators and. A vacuum tube, also called an electron tube, is a sealedglass or metalceramic enclosure used in electronic circuitry to control the flow of electrons between the metal electrodes sealed inside the tubes. Every tube is double tested by hand prior to shipment. Shot noise in schottkys vacuum tube is classical c. The solidstate device most closely analogous to the vacuum tube is the jfet, although the vacuum tube typically operates at far higher voltage and power levels than the jfet. Vacuum tube valley magazine get the entire 20 magazine set. The simplest vacuum tube, the diode, contains only two elements. Dipartimento di matematica e fisica universita cattolica. Vacuum tube valley is published quarterly for electronic.
Vacuum tube theory, a basics tutorial page 4 vacuum tube electrodes the cathode there is a variety of different types of cathode that are used in vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes were used not only in radio, tvs and broadcasting, but also in commercial radio equipment, telephone systems, two way repeater systems, test equipment, and in many types of industrial electronic equipment. Vacuumtube and semiconductor electronics, jacob millman, 1958, 657 pages courtesy of gary smith. Jun 19, 2007 1975 rca rc30 receiving tube manual caution large 38mb pdf file courtesy of walter welch, ai4sp. Early tube history chapter electron tubes pdf version. It takes carefully designed equipment to achieve that level of vacuum. This is a list of vacuum tubes or thermionic valves, and lowpressure gasfilled tubes. What are the best academic articles about vacuum tubes.
This is the second in our ongoing what its worth series that keeps you up to date on whats hot in antique technology. The production of proper levels of vacuum will be one of the most challenging parts of setting up the equipment to make vacuum tubes. As the preliminary basis for our further investigation we decided to look into. It is a drop in replacement for the western electric 412a. Abc vacuum tubes is dedicated to providing ham radio, amateur radio operators, antique radio enthusiasts, audio professionals and hobbyists the ability to choose from an inventory of over 3. Slightly more in depth is an understanding of a tubes operating parameters and expected values in a given circuit. What is a vacuum tube thermionic valve electronics notes. This background is leveraged to casually analyze gain stages that are typically found in vacuum tube audio equipment.
Vacuum tube must be in stock from a reputable tube reseller. Vacuum tube valley vtv was a magazine produced by charlie c. Vacuum tube ef806 ef86 6267, jj electronics, long plate. Every tube is hand tested before it is shipped to the customer.
The first computers were vacuum tube based and took up rooms while vacuum tubes are considered outdated by most of the world they are still used in several key areas. The diode tube the diode vacuum tube we are about to study is really edisons old incandescent bulb with the plate in it. Thomas edison, that prolific american inventor, is often credited with the invention of the incandescent lamp. Learn how to work with vacuum tubes and construct highquality audio amplifiers on your workbench with help from this handson, doityourself resource. This excludes breakage, open filaments or tube operation outside manufacturers specifications. This was intended for training tube design engineers and lab technicians who worked for rca, which was. Understanding and building tube amps explains tube theory and construction practices for the hobbyist. The best all around reference work i am aware of would be a volume entitled electron tube design, published for internal use by rca in 1962.
With the resurgence of interest in vacuum tube audio amplifiers among audio purists, vacuum tube amplfier basics is right on target. Written for tube lovers of all persuasions and levels of expertise. This background is leveraged to casually analyze gain stages that are. Slightly more in depth is an understanding of a tube s operating parameters and expected values in a given circuit. The terms electron tubes and vacuum tubes are used interchangeably to refer to a tube in which a flow of current takes place in an enclosed space. A vacuum tube, an electron tube, or valve british usage or, colloquially, a tube north america, is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied the type known as a thermionic tube or thermionic valve uses the phenomenon of thermionic emission of electrons from a heated cathode and is. A vacuum tube is a device used to control the flow of electric current using a vacuum in a sealed container, which usually takes the form of a glass tube, hence the name. One of the major ways in which cathodes can be categorised is by the way they are heated. This brief article is intended to provide a very basic introduction to. Early tube history electron tubes electronics textbook. This book is the outgrowth of a course in vacuumtube design given for many years at stanford university to senior and graduate students in electrical engineering. Valve list, capacitor list, grid cap and sockets product catalog in. Vacuum tubes can be tested outside of their circuitry using a vacuum tube tester.
The vacuum tube is the predecessor of the modern transistor and was used in similar ways as electronically controlled switches, rectifiers, amplifiers. The truth is there are a lot of tubes still filling important roles daily in the amateur radio world. The tube list at abc vacuum tubes is very extensive, as is our inventory of. The jj electronic ef806s is a high quality reproduction of the classic ef86. The jj ef806 can be used in any ef86 circuit including. The basic principles of vacuum tube device operation are presented including the functional properties of common device topologies. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Although transistors and now have taken over many of the jobs. In electronics, a vacuum tube, electron tube in north america, tube, or thermionic valve or valve in british english is a device controlling electric current through a vacuum in a sealed container. The vacuum necessary for the vacuum tube to operate is extreme. Electron tube, device usually consisting of a sealed glass or metalceramic enclosure that is used in electronic circuitry to control a flow of electrons. R characteristic curves of electron tubes diode, triode 4. Vacuum tubes, or thermionic valves, are arrangements of electrodes in a vacuum within an insulating, temperatureresistant envelope. Both are applications where there is a mechanicalelectrical interface.
Rectifier vacuum tubes nos vacuum tubes for sale tubes. They differ in the construction of the cathode and the materials used. The vacuum tube an introduction bob devance, k5crx many hams think that vacuum tubes are strictly a thing of the past. The diode vacuum tube we are about to study is really edisons. The first electronic amplification of sound was done with vacuum tubes. Most small signal vacuum tube devices have been superseded by semiconductors, but some vacuum tube electronic devices are still in common use.
Oberholzer physics departement, university of basel, klingelbergstr. Among the common applications of vacuum tubes are amplification of a weak current, rectification of an alternating current ac to direct. Before about 1932, three digit numbers were assigned to receiving types, and in some cases, the first digit signified the. There are numerous types of electron tubes manufactured. Talks about tube and semiconductor devices, and the basics of amplifiers, oscillators, and power supplies. In addition to the data i have scanned and posted, if youre looking for data on a particular tube you should visit tsdl on duncanamps website, or franks tube data. Calvert this overgrown page covers all kinds of vacuum tube electron devices, especially receiving tubes. The jan bendix 6754 tube is one of the famed red bank tubes, and is one of most durable high quality full wave rectifier tubes available. Calvert this overgrown page covers all kinds of vacuumtube electron devices, especially receiving tubes. Eimac power grid tubes quick reference catalog 175 pdf. The concept of thermionic valve or vacuum tubes used the idea that a heated element in a vacuum emitted electrons that would normally remain in the vicinity of this heated element because of the charge attraction.
We guarantee every tube we sell for thirty days except for breakage, open filaments or operation outside manufacturers specifications. Characteristic curves of electron tubes diode, triode 4 24110 phywe series of publications laboratory experiments physics phywe systeme gmbh 37070 gottingen, germany to obtain the tube resistance r i, we go from the 50 v to the 150 v characteristic through a and parallel to the i aaxis and read off, from which r i 5. Intended for internal use only, this book contains 53 articles on different aspects of vacuum tube design and manufacture. Oftentimes i see postings in the radio newsgroups from people that are not sure if, for example, the globe type cx301a is equivalent to the generic type 01a. Because of the platetoscreen capacitance of a tetrode or pentode, the rf plate voltage developed in the output circuit causes an rf current to flow out of the.
Abc of vacuum tubes in radio reception lewis 1922 the electronic experimenters manual findlay 1959 the thermionic valve and its developments. Understanding and building tube amps tab electronics jerry whitaker on. More accurately, it could be said that edison was the man who perfected the incandescent lamp. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, redistribution, reselling, loan or. Many experiments are suggested, and much tube lore and curious circuits are presented. Incorporate the tube sound into your home audio system. What makes it interesting is that when electrical contacts are put on the ends, you. It took many different developments to set in place all the foundations needed to be able to develop the vacuum tube or thermionic valve. A basic understanding of how a vacuum tube operates is pretty easy to come by. In this vacuum, the filament could glow at whitehot temperatures without. Tubes were the first widespread method of controlling electrical signals without moving parts. Sadly, charlie kittleson passed away on february 10, 2009. Vacuum tube list downloadable catalog abc vacuum tubes.
Tube list, valve list, capacitor list, grid cap and sockets product catalog in. This is essentially an updated version of vacuum tube design below. Sukhorukov department of physics, university of florida, gainesville, fl 326118440, usa h. So, maybe a better name might be classabc or classatoc. While it was available at a lower price on ebay, i wasnt quite ready to trust the seller. The magnetron is the type of tube used in all microwave ovens.
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