Periorbital cellulitis occurs due to local infection of the skin of the face 4. Dyschromias, in addition to acne, eczema, alopecia, and seborrheic dermatitis, are among the most common diagnoses in black patients seen by dermatologists. Diagnosis of some common and uncommon hyperpigmentation. A 45yearold woman presented with spontaneous discolouration around the left eye for 1 week. Orbital cellulitis is an infection of the soft tissues within the eye socket. Periorbital cellulitis in a well child can often be treated with oral antibiotics if followup is assured.
Periorbital hyperpigmentation, also referred to as idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region ichor, periorbital melanosis, dark circles or infraorbital pigmentation, is more frequently observed in the skin of colour population and can be of primary or secondary aetiology. Periorbital hyperpigmentation poh, also known as periocular hyperpigmentation, periorbital melanosis, dark circles, infraorbital darkening, infraorbital discoloration, or idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region, is a common condition encountered in dermatology practice. Complex in pathogenesis, and lacking straightforward therapeutic options. Ppt urticaria powerpoint presentation free to view. This dense connective tissue membrane serves as an attachment site for muscles, tendons, and ligaments and is a support structure for the blood. There were 8888% females and 1212% males with a female to male ratio. Disorders of hyperpigmentation linkedin slideshare. Manual stretching of the lower eyelid skin can help to differentiate. She also gave a history of easy fatigability for 1 month. Thus, from our study, we can deduce that periorbital hypermelanosis is a multifactorial entity, has a moderate effect on quality of life. Periorbital hyperpigmentation poh is a common dermatological. Histologic features are nonspecific and correspond to a localized increased pigment load, as detected by fontana masson stain, without melanocytic hyperplasia. A recent study at the department of dermatology, university hospital of erlangen germany and the information network of departments of dermatology informationsverband dermatologischer kliniken, ivdk suggests that the incidence of periorbital.
In our study, melasma, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation due to acne, acanthosis nigricans formed a major share in the 1549 years age. Females predominated the study, with a female to male ratio of 1. Poh is known by various synonyms including periorbital melanosis. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Lee ann remington od, ms, faao, in clinical anatomy and physiology of the visual system third edition, 2012. Acquired disorders of hyperpigmentation affect individuals of all skin types. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus cle, defined as isolated cutaneous lesions without significant systemic involvement, has a reported incidence and prevalence of 4.
In one splitface trial, a gel containing glycolic acid, hydroquinone and kojic acid showed more improvement 60% in patients than a gel that contained only glycolic acid and hydroquinone 47%. Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are distinct clinical diseases, though have overlapping clinical features and therefore can be difficult to differentiate. Periorbital hyperpigmentation poh is a common dermatologic. Periorbital and orbital cellulitis free download as powerpoint presentation. It can also occur following a break in the skin of the face, such as an insect bite, or wound 2,7,8,14,15. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Periorbital hyperpigmentation, darkening around the eyes. Refer to the related chapter on hyperpigmentation of the face and neck. The duration of the disease ranged from 515 years with a mean. It is a serious condition that, without treatment, can lead to permanent vision loss and lifethreatening complications. This can be due to a superficial infection of the eyelids, such as dacrocystitis, or a stye 1,2,8,14,15. A case is reported in which despite late referral, emergency surgical.
Superior vena cava syndrome presenting as position. It is also known as periocular hyperpigmentation, periorbital melanosis, dark circles, infraorbital darkening, and idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region. Treatment of periorbital hyperpigmentation oxford academic. Thyroid eye disease ted is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the eye and surrounding tissues. Pdf classification and characteristics of periorbital. A study of its prevalence, common causative factors and its association with personal habits and other disorders. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. There was no history of any preceding injury in the head and neck area. Order appropriate workup and perform appropriate intervention and referral when indicated for the. Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis wikipedia. Orbital and periorbital cellulitis american academy of. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is characterized by dark circles around the eyes, which are common, often familial, and frequently found in individuals with dark pigmentation or mediterranean ancestry. Treatment with antihistamines and oral prednisone were ineffective.
A 54yearold woman presented to our dermatology clinic with a 2 months history of periorbital oedema, more prominent after lying down in horizontal position. Periorbital incisions incisions located at the vicinity of orbit a large number of incisions broadly divided in four groups supraorbital rim and upper eyelid lateral orbital. Orbital cellulitis and abscess formation are rare complications of sinusitis, however acute orbital inflammation is secondary to sinusitis in about 70% of cases. Therefore, it is essential to classify the poh, identify the associated factors and correction of them will improve the success of the treatment outcome.
Periorbital melanosis dark circles under the eye is a frustrating condition with a multifactorial pathogenesis including genetic or constitutional pigmentation, dermal melanocytosis, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation secondary to atopic and allergic contact dermatitis, excessive subcutaneous vascularity, hormonal abnormalities, pigmentary demarcation lines, shadowing. Professor and associate chair for clinical affairs, department of pediatrics, university of rochester school of medicine, rochester, ny. Adults can get it, but children under 2 are most likely to have it. Bilateral periorbital swelling as the initial presentation. She denied any headache, vomiting or visual disturbances. Periorbital dermatitis is a commonly occurring dermatological disorder that is often resistant to therapy. Definitions an acute, diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous structures characterized by hyperemia, edema, and leukocytic infiltration an acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of. A clinicoepidemiological study of facial melanosis hassan.
We describe an otherwise healthy 7yearold boy who developed confettilike hypopigmented macules on the dorsal aspects of the hands and feet, spreading to the palms and soles a few months after birth. Periorbital cellulitis is an infection of your eyelid or the skin around your eyes. Periorbital melanosis is defined as bilateral, homogeneous hyperchromic macules and patches primarily involving the lower eyelids but also sometimes extending towards the upper eyelids. Facial melanoses fm are a common presentation in indian patients, causing cosmetic disfigurement with considerable psychological impact. Delay in diagnosis must not occur to avoid serious complications such as blindness and life threatening intracranial sepsis. This practice pointer outlines the common causes of a periocular rash in. The differential diagnosis for these signs ranges from relatively innocuous. Acromelanosis linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis. It is absolutely essential to classify the type of poh and determine underlying causative factors in order to direct appropriate measures for better and successful outcome in future.
Periorbital and orbital cellulitis ct scan radiology. The acute onset of eyelid redness and swelling in a child usually results in a quick visit to the doctors office or an emergency room. It is less responsive to standard therapies due to its multifactorial etiology and deposition of melanin in both dermis and epidermis. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. Swollen left eye and sinus infection history of present illness. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is a multifactorial entity. Among patients of facial hypermelanosis, melasma was the most common comprising of 73 patients, followed by postinflammatory hyperpigmentation 35, periorbital hyperpigmentation 14, ephelides 10 and lichen planus pigmentosus 9. Periorbital hyperpigmentation poh is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in routine dermatology practice. Some of the well defined causes of fm include melasma, riehls melanosis, lichen planus pigmentosus, erythema dyschromicum perstans edp, erythrosis, and poikiloderma of civatte. The periorbita, also called the orbital periosteum or orbital fascia, covers the bones of the orbit figure 817. They can also be difficult to manage because the periorbital skin is sensitive, and there are a multitude of treatment options, with little specific guidance on their use. Periorbital hyperpigmentation poh is a common dermatological problem and constitutes a significant percentage of patients visiting the clinics of dermatologists. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is a commonly encountered condition. Kojic acid ka ka 2% is generally equivalent to other therapies but may be more irritating.
Periorbital hyperpigmentation is defined as bilateral, homogeneous hyperchromic macules and patches primarily involving the lower eyelids but also sometimes extending towards the upper eyelids, eyebrows, malar regions, temporal regions and lateral nasal root. Periorbital melanosis pom or dark circles postinflmmatory hyperpigmentation. A total of 100 patients with periorbital hypermelanosis with cheek extension gazelle eye like facial pigmentation were seen. She experienced dyspnoea on exertion, fatigue and had lost 6 kg of weight. However, pigmentary lesions may be more visible in skin of color and are often resistant to treatment. Segmental hypermelanosis is an expression of a cutaneous mosaicism of the pigmentary system that appears as a hyperpigmented macule in a segmental pattern and presents early in life. It is also recognized in the literature as graves ophthalmopathy, graves orbitopathy, thyroid. A rare presentation of erythema dyschromicum perstans in a paediatric. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is a generally benign, extremely common.
Examination showed hepatosplenomegaly and ecchymosis around the left eye. Common ent emergencies 24126 free download as powerpoint presentation. This clinical practice guideline for the management of. Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis also known as linear nevoid hyperpigmentation, progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation, reticulate and zosteriform hyperpigmentation, reticulate hyperpigmentation of iijima and naito and uyeno, zebralike hyperpigmentation in whorls and streaks, and zebraline hyperpigmentation is a disorder of.
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